Serodiagnostic Potential of Alpha-Enolase FromSarcoptes scabiei and Its Possible Role in Host-Mite Interactions
Jing Xu , Xing Huang , Xiaowei Dong, Yongjun Ren , Maodi Wu , Nengxing Shen ,Yue Xie ,
Xiaobin Gu , Weiming Lai , Bo Jing , Xuerong Peng and Guangyou Yang
Abstract
Infestation of the epidermis with the highly contagious ectoparasite,Sarcoptes scabiei, causes scabies, which is characterized by intense itching, pruritus, and secondary infection. This condition affects humans, livestock, and wildlife worldwide, incurring large economic losses and reducing the quality of human life. In the present study, we cloned the alpha-enolase, a key enzyme in the glycolytic and gluconeogenesis pathways, from S. scabieivar.cuniculi, characterized it and produced soluble recombinant enolase protein (rSsc-eno). We determined the localization of Ssc-eno in isolated mites and mites in lesioned skin. The results showed that native enolase was intensely localized in the tegument of the mouthparts, the entire legs, and the whole mites’ body, as well as in the gut and reproduction system. Interestingly, we found that native enolase was widely distributed in mites in lesioned skin, with obvious high protein intensity compared with isolated mites. Building on good immunoreactivity, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on rSsc-eno showed 92% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity, compared with other indirect ELISA in this study, rSsc eno based ELISA is better in detecting scabies in rabbits. Besides, this method can detectS. scabieiinfection as early as 1 week post infection. Compared with other detection methods, such as traditional microscopic examination and recently published universal conventional PCR, rSsc-eno ELISA was more effective to detect early infection in rabbits. Additionally, in vitro mncubation experiments demonstrated the concentration-dependent acaricidal activity of rabbit anti-rSsc-eno sera against larval mites, suggested its potential as a vaccine candidate.
Copyright: © 2018 Xu, Huang, Dong, Ren, Wu, Shen, Xie, Gu, Lai, Jing, Peng and Yang.
Frontiers in Microbiology,2018(9):1024.doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01024
Read Full Text: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01024/full
